THE FOLLOWING TOPICS ARE DISCUSSED IN A 3 to 4 HOUR PRESENTATION:

INTRODUCTION: A brief overview of the role of vision in the workplace. Dr. Anshel offers his perspective on the current and future visual needs of computer users. Good workplace lighting allows the worker to easily and accurately see details of a given task. He also offers a brief history of lighting followed by an overview of types of lighting, balancing brightness levels and age factors in the workplace today.

THE EYE: A simplified presentation of the anatomy and functioning of the eyeball and visual system. A comparison of the eye to a camera is used to dispel some common misconceptions. Visual processing in the brain is also briefly discussed. The use of two eyes together instead of each individually is a significant feature which separates the human visual system from others. How we use both eyes in conjunction with our focusing system is discussed. Important ramifications of eye position and computer use are noted. This material is designed for the listener with a non-medical background.

HISTORY OF HUMAN VISION: A historical perspective is developed to show how our visual system was originally designed and used. A comparison with today's visual demands and adaptations is discussed.

AGING FACTORS: With more people working longer and more productively into their lives, the aging factor in vision cannot be ignored. Our focusing ability changes throughout our lifetime and becomes a significant factor after the age of 40. How we need to change our visual habits, as well as our lighting needs after that time and what can be done about it are some of the areas considered.

LIGHTING AND VISUAL DEMANDS: Our eyes are designed to be used mostly in well lighted situations. However, with artificial light being so predominant we must make yet another adaptation. Emphasis will be placed on lighting for overall health, safety and comfort in the workplace. An overview of lighting requirements for computers and how it differs from traditional office lighting is presented. We will learn to identify risk factors, such as direct and indirect glare, and take steps to correct potentially harmful situations.

VISUAL AND BODY POSTURE: Reading books and papers on a desk differs greatly from viewing a VDT screen. It places new demands on our visual system as well as body posture. We are visually oriented; our bodies will often change to ease the stress on our eyes. These effects will be documented and remedies offered.

VISION IN INDUSTRY: Today's industrial setting is also changing rapidly. With new technology in safety glasses and more concern for functional vision concerns in performing industrial work, the area of eye protection takes on a whole new dimension. These concepts will be developed and explained during this session.

SOLUTIONS: We will present various methods for controlling lighting so that it works for the worker. Examples of controls include blinds, louvers, partitions, spacing, finishes and switching. Specific attention will be given VDT lighting control. The importance of individual task lighting will be discussed, as well as a thorough overview of lamp color, efficiency and maintenance. Visual solutions include general eyecare, computer eyeglasses, contact lenses, terminal position, screen reflections, body posture, working conditions, breaks and more. Specific eye exercises are detailed to assist in the ongoing process of relieving eye stress.

COMPUTER VISION TESTING: One of the most misunderstood areas of visual function is how the eyes are processing information while viewing the computer. A new and unique software program is now available to perform visual tests right on the computer screen. A complete presentation will describe the program and how to fit it into a complete ergonomic program.

QUESTIONS: An open question and answer session is scheduled to assure that participants understand the material presented. Any aspect of lighting and vision care can be addressed.